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State of HTML 2023

Usage

How you use HTML.

Browser Interoperability

0%
18%
35%
53%
70%
88%
1

2

3

4

5

<input type="date">

6

Safari issues

7

8

9

Firefox issues

10

0%
18%
35%
53%
70%
88%
% of question respondents
1,930
9%
Which existing HTML features or browser APIs are you unable to use because of browser differences or lack of support?
Freeform

Limited Functionality

Existing HTML features that you often have to recreate or augment using JS.

0%
17%
34%
51%
68%
85%
1

<input type="date">

2

3

<select>

4

Form inputs

5

<input type="checkbox">

6

7

8

<select multiple>

9

Dropdown menus

10

0%
17%
34%
51%
68%
85%
% of question respondents
1,166
6%
Which existing HTML features or browser APIs are you unable to use for other reasons (and why)?
Freeform

Missing Elements

0%
11%
21%
32%
43%
53%
1

Data table

6,400
2

Tabs

4,681
3

Switch / Toggle

3,700
4

Skeleton UI / Loading Placeholder

3,621
5

Context Menu / Right-Click Menu

3,578
6

Carousel

3,147
7

Infinite Scroll

3,096
8

Accordion

2,370
9

Image Zoom

1,460
10

Segmented Button

793
0%
11%
21%
32%
43%
53%
% of question respondents
12,038
58%
If you could add 3 elements to HTML, what would they be?

Ecosystem Impact

Total, if you work on multiple projects that are used by other developers. If you’re not sure, pick the closest to your best estimate. For open source code, npm downloads might offer a useful data point.

0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
1

A few other developers (e.g. developers within a small team)

6,217
2

Less than a thousand developers

1,447
3

Thousands of developers

489
4

Millions of developers

152
5

🚫 None (Just me)

4,071
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
% of question respondents
12,376
59%
Other than yourself, how many developers use the libraries, packages, components, APIs etc. that you create or maintain?

HTML/CSS vs JS/TS Balance

0%
6%
12%
18%
24%
30%
1

100% HTML/CSS

154
2

1

599
3

2

1,141
4

3

958
5

50%–50%

2,073
6

5

1,663
7

6

3,759
8

7

2,025
9

100% JS

189
0%
6%
12%
18%
24%
30%
% of question respondents
12,561
60%
4.8
5
How do you divide your time between writing HTML/CSS and JavaScript (or TypeScript) code?

HTML Usage

0%
17%
35%
52%
69%
86%
1

Web apps

10,843
2

Blogs or other text-heavy sites

6,976
3

Marketing sites & landing pages

6,250
4

Design systems

4,727
5

Emails

4,291
6

Mobile apps

2,698
7

Desktop apps

2,610
8

Printed documents

1,878
9

E-Commerce sites

10

Video games

11

Browser Extensions

12

🚫 None

58
13

Other Answers

316
0%
17%
35%
52%
69%
86%
% of question respondents
12,553
60%
What do you use HTML for?

Industry Sector

0%
7%
14%
21%
28%
35%
1

Programming & Technical Tools

4,158
2

Consulting & Services

2,275
3

Ecommerce & Retail

2,059
4

Education

1,667
5

Marketing/Sales/Analytics Tools

1,356
6

Finance

1,328
7

Entertainment

1,155
8

News, Media, & Blogging

998
9

Healthcare

945
10

Government

819
0%
7%
14%
21%
28%
35%
% of question respondents
11,758
56%
Which industry sector(s) do you work in?
💡
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