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State of HTML 2023

Demographics

Welcome to the State of HTML survey results. This first-ever edition reached 20,904 participants from all around the world.

Country or Region

While many respondents (19%) came from the U.S., we also had strong representation from Germany, France, the U.K., and the Netherlands (24% combined), reflecting the liveliness of the front end community in these countries.

0%
5%
9%
14%
19%
23%
1

USA

2,340
2

Germany

1,186
3

France

791
4

United Kingdom

776
5

Netherlands

466
6

Canada

452
7

Russia

363
8

Poland

346
9

Sweden

298
10

Spain

293
11

Australia

291
12

India

289
13

Brazil

261
14

Italy

227
15

Japan

194
16

Switzerland

188
17

Norway

173
18

Belgium

168
19

Czechia

164
20

Austria

163
21

Over Limit

2,853
0%
5%
9%
14%
19%
23%
% of question respondents
12,282
59%
Where do you currently reside?

Language

The language respondents selected to fill out the survey.

0%
17%
35%
52%
70%
87%
1

English

17,756
2

French

631
3

Russian

513
4

Spanish

466
5

German

427
6

Japanese

276
7

Polish

122
8

Dutch

87
9

Chinese (Simplified)

63
10

Chinese (Traditional)

20
0%
17%
35%
52%
70%
87%
% of question respondents
20,361
97%
💡
You'll find little hints like this one throughout the survey results that will point out extra features and details.

Survey Completion

The proportion of the survey filled out by respondents.

0%
11%
21%
32%
43%
53%
1

0-10%

794
2

10-20%

4,370
3

20-30%

1,161
4

30-40%

892
5

40-50%

135
6

50-60%

417
7

60-70%

315
8

70-80%

236
9

80-90%

842
10

90-100%

11,140
11

100

589
0%
11%
21%
32%
43%
53%
% of question respondents
20,891
100%
67%
94%

Age

Survey respondents were on average 33.6 years old, slightly higher than the State of JS (32.2) and State of CSS (33.5) surveys.

0%
8%
16%
24%
32%
41%
1

<20

521
2

20-29

3,397
3

30-39

4,527
4

40-49

2,096
5

50-59

510
6

>60

127
0%
8%
16%
24%
32%
41%
% of question respondents
11,178
53%
33.6
33
How old are you, in years?

Years of Experience

Respondents had on average 10.7 years of web development experience.

0%
6%
12%
18%
24%
30%
1

<1 years

230
2

1-2 years

946
3

3-5 years

2,493
4

6-10 years

3,131
5

11-20 years

3,733
6

>20 years

2,094
0%
6%
12%
18%
24%
30%
% of question respondents
12,627
60%
10.7
8
How long have you been working or studying in this field, in years?

Company Size

Respondents tended to work for mostly mid-sized organizations, with a median company size of 75 employees.

0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
1

1

1,083
2

2-5

1,034
3

6-10

819
4

11-20

1,034
5

21-50

1,441
6

51-100

1,198
7

101-1000

2,576
8

1000+

2,231
9

N/A

1,181
0%
4%
8%
12%
16%
20%
% of question respondents
12,597
60%
334
75
How many people work at your organization, including yourself?
💡
Some charts feature additional tabs that offer complementary breakdowns of the same data, or related data. Make sure to check them out!

Yearly Income

Respondents had a median income of USD $75,000, noticeably higher than the $59,970 figure reported by the Stack Overflow Developer Survey.

0%
6%
11%
17%
23%
28%
1

$0-$10k

764
2

$10k-$30k

1,357
3

$30k-$50k

1,943
4

$50k-$100k

3,490
5

$100k-$200k

2,272
6

>$200k

530
7

N/A

2,038
0%
6%
11%
17%
23%
28%
% of question respondents
12,394
59%
$78,259
$75,000
What is your yearly gross (pre-tax) income in U.S. dollar?

Higher Education Degree

Having a higher-education degree did not translate in meaningful differences in yearly income.

0%
10%
21%
31%
41%
51%
1

No

3,504
2

Yes, related field

6,434
3

Yes, unrelated field

2,604
0%
10%
21%
31%
41%
51%
% of question respondents
12,542
60%
Do you have a higher education degree?

Gender

Gender did not correlate with income gaps, but there were notable differences between countries. Canada and the U.S. led the rankings in terms of diversity, while European countries had a higher proportion of male respondents.

0%
18%
36%
54%
72%
90%
1

Man

11,203
2

Woman

868
3

Non-Binary or GNC

302
4

Not Listed

91
0%
18%
36%
54%
72%
90%
% of question respondents
While we know collecting and publishing diversity data can be a sensitive issue, we do think it's important to obtain this data to help measure and improve the survey's efforts in terms of inclusivity and representativeness.
12,464
60%
Which one of the following options describes you?

Race & Ethnicity

The survey's non-white population tended to be younger and have less experience, confirming a trend first observed in other surveys. This might indicate that the next generation of front end developers will be more diverse than the current one.

0%
16%
31%
47%
62%
78%
1

White

8,720
2

Hispanic/Latin

1,010
3

East Asian

488
4

South Asian

415
5

Middle Eastern

346
6

SE Asian

340
7

Multiracial

285
8

Black/African Descent

236
9

Nat. American/Pac. Islander/Ind. Australian

63
10

European

0%
16%
31%
47%
62%
78%
% of question respondents
While we know collecting and publishing diversity data can be a sensitive issue, we do think it's important to obtain this data to help measure and improve the survey's efforts in terms of inclusivity and representativeness.
11,168
53%
Which of the following options describe you?

Disability Status

0%
16%
32%
48%
64%
80%
1

Cognitive impairments

1,549
2

Visual impairments

696
3

Hearing impairments

323
4

Mobility impairments

286
5

Autism

6

🚫 None

9,652
7

Other Answers

120
0%
16%
32%
48%
64%
80%
% of question respondents
12,040
58%
Which of the following disabilities do you experience?

Other Surveys

0%
13%
26%
39%
52%
65%
1

State of JavaScript

7,463
2

State of CSS

6,612
3

Stack Overflow Annual Developer Survey

2,716
4

JetBrains State of Developer Ecosystem

816
5

State of GraphQL

292
6

Jamstack Community Survey

256
7

Design Tools Survey

191
8

Postman State of the API Report

119
9

CodinGame Developer Survey

71
10

🚫 None

2,595
11

Other Answers

147
0%
13%
26%
39%
52%
65%
% of question respondents
11,402
55%
Which other developer surveys do you participate in?

Source

0%
4%
7%
11%
14%
18%
1

State of CSS

3,252
2

State of JavaScript

2,241
3

1,903
4

1,688
5

1,528
6

Twitter/X

892
7

YouTube

757
8

State of HTML

742
9

Google

667
10

Hacker News

434
0%
4%
7%
11%
14%
18%
% of question respondents
Respondent source is computed based on referrer data, URL tracking data, and self-reported answers.
18,369
88%

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